When to plant arugula in North Dakota
North Dakota’s average last spring frost is May 15, and the first fall frost typically arrives around September 20 — about 128 frost-free days (USDA zones 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b). Arugula needs 30–40 days to mature, which fits comfortably within North Dakota's growing season.
When to plant arugula in North Dakota: the short answer
For a spring planting, sow Apr 12 – May 1. Seeds germinate in soil from 40 to 75°F.
Succession sow again in North Dakota: Apr 29 · May 11 · May 23 · Jun 4 · Jun 16
Spring succession stops before summer heat makes it bolt. Start sowing again in late summer for a fall crop (see the fall window above).
Windows are ~1–2 week bands around each date. Frost dates are a statewide average from NOAA/NCEI normals; your town may differ by two weeks or more. Calendar year 2026.
How to grow arugula in North Dakota, step by step
- Prepare the bed. It needs six or more hours of sun for the best growth, though four to six hours in partial shade is enough and loose soil at least 8 inches deep, with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Dig in compost before planting.
- Sow outdoors (Apr 12 – May 1). Space plants about 4 inches apart in rows 10 inches apart, sowing seed ¼ inch deep. It handles frost well, so it can go out before the last frost date. As a cool-season crop it does best before summer heat arrives in North Dakota.
- Water and feed. Give it steady, even moisture, about an inch of water a week from rain or the hose.
- Watch for pests and problems. Pests: flea beetle, aphids, cabbage worm. Diseases and disorders: downy mildew, white rust.
- Harvest (from about May 17 – May 27). Arugula takes 30-40 days to reach harvest. One of the fastest crops - baby leaves in about 3 weeks. Turns sharp and bitter and bolts in heat, so it is a spring/fall green. Flea beetles love it; grow under mesh.
Figures come from our crop data; dates use North Dakota’s average frost dates. More in the full arugula growing guide.
Arugula planting dates by USDA zone in North Dakota
North Dakota spans USDA zones 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b. Colder zones, usually higher or further inland, have a later last spring frost and an earlier first fall frost than the state average, so the arugula dates shift with them.
When to plant arugula in nearby states
| State | Last frost | Sow |
|---|---|---|
| North Dakota (this page) | May 15 | Apr 12 – May 1 |
| South Dakota | May 10 | Apr 7 – Apr 26 |
| Nebraska | April 30 | Mar 28 – Apr 16 |
| Kansas | April 15 | Mar 13 – Apr 1 |
| Oklahoma | April 1 | Feb 27 – Mar 18 |
Questions gardeners in North Dakota ask
When is the best time to plant arugula in North Dakota?
Sow arugula in North Dakota between April 12 and May 1. That timing is set by North Dakota's average last spring frost of May 15.
Can I plant arugula in the fall in North Dakota?
Yes. For a fall crop, sow between July 30 and August 16, so the crop matures in cool weather before North Dakota's first frost around September 20.
When will arugula planted in North Dakota be ready to harvest?
Planted on time, arugula is usually ready from about May 17 to May 27, 30-40 days after sowing.
When is the last frost in North Dakota?
On average around May 15, with the first fall frost around September 20 - about 128 frost-free days. Your town may differ by two weeks or more.