Free printable garden charts
Print-ready PDFs built from the same data as the tools on this site: a companion planting chart for 92 crops, and vegetable planting calendars for every hardiness zone and US state. They are free, need no sign-up, and print on US Letter or A4. Use them in your own garden, share them with a garden club or a class, and link here rather than re-uploading the files.
Companion planting chart: all 92 crops
Companion planting means growing crops side by side that help, or at least do not hurt, each other, and keeping apart the pairs that compete or share problems. The chart puts the answer on paper so you can plan a bed with a pencil before you plant.
Matrix of 34 popular crops, quick answers with three starter beds, an A-Z table for all 92 crops, rotation families, and two blank 4 x 8 ft beds.
Free to print for personal use. Pairings are traditional guidance, see the notes below.
What is on each page
- At-a-glance matrix. Find a crop in the left column and read across: a green circle is a good neighbour, a red crossed box means keep apart, blank means no strong pairing is recorded.
- Quick answers. Well-known good pairs, the crops with the most keep-apart entries, three starter beds, and how much to trust the chart.
- A-Z table. Every crop on the site with its good neighbours and the crops to keep it away from.
- Plan your beds. Plant families to rotate, two blank 4 x 8 ft beds with one-foot squares, and lines for your own notes.
Preview: the matrix
This is the same matrix as page 1 of the PDF. On a small screen, scroll sideways. Crops are grouped by plant family.
| Tomato | Bell Pepper | Chili Pepper | Eggplant | Potato | Cucumber | Zucchini / Summer Squash | Winter Squash | Pumpkin | Bush Bean | Pole Bean | Pea | Broccoli | Cauliflower | Cabbage | Kale | Lettuce | Spinach | Swiss Chard | Carrot | Beet | Radish | Onion | Garlic | Chives | Sweet Corn | Sunflower | Basil | Dill | Parsley | Cilantro / Coriander | Mint | Thyme | Rosemary | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tomato | Tomato and Potato: keep apart | Tomato and Broccoli: keep apart | Tomato and Cauliflower: keep apart | Tomato and Cabbage: keep apart | Tomato and Kale: keep apart | Tomato and Lettuce: good neighbours | Tomato and Carrot: good neighbours | Tomato and Onion: good neighbours | Tomato and Garlic: good neighbours | Tomato and Chives: good neighbours | Tomato and Sweet Corn: keep apart | Tomato and Basil: good neighbours | Tomato and Dill: keep apart | Tomato and Parsley: good neighbours | Tomato and Mint: good neighbours | |||||||||||||||||||
| Bell Pepper | Bell Pepper and Eggplant: good neighbours | Bell Pepper and Bush Bean: keep apart | Bell Pepper and Pole Bean: keep apart | Bell Pepper and Cabbage: keep apart | Bell Pepper and Spinach: good neighbours | Bell Pepper and Carrot: good neighbours | Bell Pepper and Onion: good neighbours | Bell Pepper and Chives: good neighbours | Bell Pepper and Basil: good neighbours | Bell Pepper and Parsley: good neighbours | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chili Pepper | Chili Pepper and Bush Bean: keep apart | Chili Pepper and Pole Bean: keep apart | Chili Pepper and Cabbage: keep apart | Chili Pepper and Carrot: good neighbours | Chili Pepper and Onion: good neighbours | Chili Pepper and Basil: good neighbours | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Eggplant | Eggplant and Bell Pepper: good neighbours | Eggplant and Bush Bean: good neighbours | Eggplant and Spinach: good neighbours | Eggplant and Dill: keep apart | Eggplant and Thyme: good neighbours | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Potato | Potato and Tomato: keep apart | Potato and Cucumber: keep apart | Potato and Zucchini / Summer Squash: keep apart | Potato and Winter Squash: keep apart | Potato and Pumpkin: keep apart | Potato and Bush Bean: good neighbours | Potato and Broccoli: good neighbours | Potato and Cauliflower: good neighbours | Potato and Cabbage: good neighbours | Potato and Kale: good neighbours | Potato and Sweet Corn: good neighbours | Potato and Sunflower: keep apart | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cucumber | Cucumber and Potato: keep apart | Cucumber and Bush Bean: good neighbours | Cucumber and Pole Bean: good neighbours | Cucumber and Pea: good neighbours | Cucumber and Lettuce: good neighbours | Cucumber and Radish: good neighbours | Cucumber and Sweet Corn: good neighbours | Cucumber and Sunflower: good neighbours | Cucumber and Dill: good neighbours | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Zucchini / Summer Squash | Zucchini / Summer Squash and Potato: keep apart | Zucchini / Summer Squash and Bush Bean: good neighbours | Zucchini / Summer Squash and Pole Bean: good neighbours | Zucchini / Summer Squash and Pea: good neighbours | Zucchini / Summer Squash and Radish: good neighbours | Zucchini / Summer Squash and Sweet Corn: good neighbours | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Winter Squash | Winter Squash and Potato: keep apart | Winter Squash and Bush Bean: good neighbours | Winter Squash and Pole Bean: good neighbours | Winter Squash and Radish: good neighbours | Winter Squash and Sweet Corn: good neighbours | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pumpkin | Pumpkin and Potato: keep apart | Pumpkin and Bush Bean: good neighbours | Pumpkin and Pole Bean: good neighbours | Pumpkin and Radish: good neighbours | Pumpkin and Sweet Corn: good neighbours | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bush Bean | Bush Bean and Bell Pepper: keep apart | Bush Bean and Chili Pepper: keep apart | Bush Bean and Eggplant: good neighbours | Bush Bean and Potato: good neighbours | Bush Bean and Cucumber: good neighbours | Bush Bean and Zucchini / Summer Squash: good neighbours | Bush Bean and Winter Squash: good neighbours | Bush Bean and Pumpkin: good neighbours | Bush Bean and Pea: good neighbours | Bush Bean and Swiss Chard: good neighbours | Bush Bean and Carrot: good neighbours | Bush Bean and Beet: good neighbours | Bush Bean and Onion: keep apart | Bush Bean and Garlic: keep apart | Bush Bean and Chives: keep apart | Bush Bean and Sweet Corn: good neighbours | Bush Bean and Cilantro / Coriander: good neighbours | Bush Bean and Rosemary: good neighbours | ||||||||||||||||
| Pole Bean | Pole Bean and Bell Pepper: keep apart | Pole Bean and Chili Pepper: keep apart | Pole Bean and Cucumber: good neighbours | Pole Bean and Zucchini / Summer Squash: good neighbours | Pole Bean and Winter Squash: good neighbours | Pole Bean and Pumpkin: good neighbours | Pole Bean and Broccoli: keep apart | Pole Bean and Cauliflower: keep apart | Pole Bean and Cabbage: keep apart | Pole Bean and Kale: keep apart | Pole Bean and Carrot: good neighbours | Pole Bean and Beet: keep apart | Pole Bean and Radish: good neighbours | Pole Bean and Onion: keep apart | Pole Bean and Garlic: keep apart | Pole Bean and Chives: keep apart | Pole Bean and Sweet Corn: good neighbours | Pole Bean and Sunflower: good neighbours | ||||||||||||||||
| Pea | Pea and Cucumber: good neighbours | Pea and Zucchini / Summer Squash: good neighbours | Pea and Bush Bean: good neighbours | Pea and Spinach: good neighbours | Pea and Carrot: good neighbours | Pea and Radish: good neighbours | Pea and Onion: keep apart | Pea and Garlic: keep apart | Pea and Chives: keep apart | Pea and Sweet Corn: good neighbours | Pea and Cilantro / Coriander: good neighbours | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Broccoli | Broccoli and Tomato: keep apart | Broccoli and Potato: good neighbours | Broccoli and Pole Bean: keep apart | Broccoli and Lettuce: keep apart | Broccoli and Beet: good neighbours | Broccoli and Onion: good neighbours | Broccoli and Dill: good neighbours | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cauliflower | Cauliflower and Tomato: keep apart | Cauliflower and Potato: good neighbours | Cauliflower and Pole Bean: keep apart | Cauliflower and Beet: good neighbours | Cauliflower and Onion: good neighbours | Cauliflower and Dill: good neighbours | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cabbage | Cabbage and Tomato: keep apart | Cabbage and Bell Pepper: keep apart | Cabbage and Chili Pepper: keep apart | Cabbage and Potato: good neighbours | Cabbage and Pole Bean: keep apart | Cabbage and Lettuce: keep apart | Cabbage and Spinach: good neighbours | Cabbage and Swiss Chard: good neighbours | Cabbage and Beet: good neighbours | Cabbage and Onion: good neighbours | Cabbage and Garlic: good neighbours | Cabbage and Dill: good neighbours | Cabbage and Mint: good neighbours | Cabbage and Thyme: good neighbours | Cabbage and Rosemary: good neighbours | |||||||||||||||||||
| Kale | Kale and Tomato: keep apart | Kale and Potato: good neighbours | Kale and Pole Bean: keep apart | Kale and Spinach: good neighbours | Kale and Swiss Chard: good neighbours | Kale and Beet: good neighbours | Kale and Onion: good neighbours | Kale and Garlic: good neighbours | Kale and Dill: good neighbours | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lettuce | Lettuce and Tomato: good neighbours | Lettuce and Cucumber: good neighbours | Lettuce and Broccoli: keep apart | Lettuce and Cabbage: keep apart | Lettuce and Carrot: good neighbours | Lettuce and Beet: good neighbours | Lettuce and Radish: good neighbours | Lettuce and Onion: good neighbours | Lettuce and Dill: good neighbours | Lettuce and Parsley: keep apart | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spinach | Spinach and Bell Pepper: good neighbours | Spinach and Eggplant: good neighbours | Spinach and Pea: good neighbours | Spinach and Cabbage: good neighbours | Spinach and Kale: good neighbours | Spinach and Swiss Chard: keep apart | Spinach and Beet: keep apart | Spinach and Radish: good neighbours | Spinach and Cilantro / Coriander: good neighbours | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Swiss Chard | Swiss Chard and Bush Bean: good neighbours | Swiss Chard and Cabbage: good neighbours | Swiss Chard and Kale: good neighbours | Swiss Chard and Spinach: keep apart | Swiss Chard and Beet: keep apart | Swiss Chard and Onion: good neighbours | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Carrot | Carrot and Tomato: good neighbours | Carrot and Bell Pepper: good neighbours | Carrot and Chili Pepper: good neighbours | Carrot and Bush Bean: good neighbours | Carrot and Pole Bean: good neighbours | Carrot and Pea: good neighbours | Carrot and Lettuce: good neighbours | Carrot and Radish: good neighbours | Carrot and Onion: good neighbours | Carrot and Garlic: good neighbours | Carrot and Chives: good neighbours | Carrot and Dill: keep apart | Carrot and Parsley: good neighbours | Carrot and Rosemary: good neighbours | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Beet | Beet and Bush Bean: good neighbours | Beet and Pole Bean: keep apart | Beet and Broccoli: good neighbours | Beet and Cauliflower: good neighbours | Beet and Cabbage: good neighbours | Beet and Kale: good neighbours | Beet and Lettuce: good neighbours | Beet and Spinach: keep apart | Beet and Swiss Chard: keep apart | Beet and Onion: good neighbours | Beet and Garlic: good neighbours | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Radish | Radish and Cucumber: good neighbours | Radish and Zucchini / Summer Squash: good neighbours | Radish and Winter Squash: good neighbours | Radish and Pumpkin: good neighbours | Radish and Pole Bean: good neighbours | Radish and Pea: good neighbours | Radish and Lettuce: good neighbours | Radish and Spinach: good neighbours | Radish and Carrot: good neighbours | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Onion | Onion and Tomato: good neighbours | Onion and Bell Pepper: good neighbours | Onion and Chili Pepper: good neighbours | Onion and Bush Bean: keep apart | Onion and Pole Bean: keep apart | Onion and Pea: keep apart | Onion and Broccoli: good neighbours | Onion and Cauliflower: good neighbours | Onion and Cabbage: good neighbours | Onion and Kale: good neighbours | Onion and Lettuce: good neighbours | Onion and Swiss Chard: good neighbours | Onion and Carrot: good neighbours | Onion and Beet: good neighbours | Onion and Dill: good neighbours | Onion and Parsley: good neighbours | ||||||||||||||||||
| Garlic | Garlic and Tomato: good neighbours | Garlic and Bush Bean: keep apart | Garlic and Pole Bean: keep apart | Garlic and Pea: keep apart | Garlic and Cabbage: good neighbours | Garlic and Kale: good neighbours | Garlic and Carrot: good neighbours | Garlic and Beet: good neighbours | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chives | Chives and Tomato: good neighbours | Chives and Bell Pepper: good neighbours | Chives and Bush Bean: keep apart | Chives and Pole Bean: keep apart | Chives and Pea: keep apart | Chives and Carrot: good neighbours | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sweet Corn | Sweet Corn and Tomato: keep apart | Sweet Corn and Potato: good neighbours | Sweet Corn and Cucumber: good neighbours | Sweet Corn and Zucchini / Summer Squash: good neighbours | Sweet Corn and Winter Squash: good neighbours | Sweet Corn and Pumpkin: good neighbours | Sweet Corn and Bush Bean: good neighbours | Sweet Corn and Pole Bean: good neighbours | Sweet Corn and Pea: good neighbours | Sweet Corn and Sunflower: good neighbours | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sunflower | Sunflower and Potato: keep apart | Sunflower and Cucumber: good neighbours | Sunflower and Pole Bean: good neighbours | Sunflower and Sweet Corn: good neighbours | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basil | Basil and Tomato: good neighbours | Basil and Bell Pepper: good neighbours | Basil and Chili Pepper: good neighbours | Basil and Mint: keep apart | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dill | Dill and Tomato: keep apart | Dill and Eggplant: keep apart | Dill and Cucumber: good neighbours | Dill and Broccoli: good neighbours | Dill and Cauliflower: good neighbours | Dill and Cabbage: good neighbours | Dill and Kale: good neighbours | Dill and Lettuce: good neighbours | Dill and Carrot: keep apart | Dill and Onion: good neighbours | Dill and Cilantro / Coriander: keep apart | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Parsley | Parsley and Tomato: good neighbours | Parsley and Bell Pepper: good neighbours | Parsley and Lettuce: keep apart | Parsley and Carrot: good neighbours | Parsley and Onion: good neighbours | Parsley and Mint: keep apart | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cilantro / Coriander | Cilantro / Coriander and Bush Bean: good neighbours | Cilantro / Coriander and Pea: good neighbours | Cilantro / Coriander and Spinach: good neighbours | Cilantro / Coriander and Dill: keep apart | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mint | Mint and Tomato: good neighbours | Mint and Cabbage: good neighbours | Mint and Basil: keep apart | Mint and Parsley: keep apart | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Thyme | Thyme and Eggplant: good neighbours | Thyme and Cabbage: good neighbours | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rosemary | Rosemary and Bush Bean: good neighbours | Rosemary and Cabbage: good neighbours | Rosemary and Carrot: good neighbours |
How to read it: tomatoes
Look up tomato in the left column. The chart lists 13 good neighbours and 16 crops to keep apart from tomatoes.
Asparagus, Basil, Borage, Carrot, Celery, Chives, Garlic, Green Onion / Scallion, Lettuce, Mint, Onion, Parsley, Tarragon.
Bok Choy / Pak Choi, Broccoli, Brussels Sprouts, Cabbage, Cauliflower, Collard Greens, Dill, Fennel (Bulb), Kale, Kohlrabi, Mizuna, Napa Cabbage, Potato, Rapini (Broccoli Raab), Sweet Corn, Tatsoi.
Other crops work the same way. Look one up with the interactive companion planting chart or open its page in the crop directory.
Three starter beds
Each bed is 4 x 4 ft, one square is one square foot, and the back of the bed is at the top. Every crop in a bed is free of keep-apart pairs in the chart. Use them as they are or as a starting point.
Tall tomatoes at the back so they do not shade the lower crops. Squares: 4 tomato, 2 basil, 2 onion, 4 carrot, 4 lettuce.
Quick radishes finish first and free their squares for a second sowing. Squares: 4 lettuce, 2 spinach, 4 radish, 4 carrot, 2 onion.
Beans climb the corn; squash sprawls at the front. Plant corn in a block, not a single row. Squares: 8 sweet corn, 4 pole bean, 4 winter squash.
How much to trust it
Companion planting evidence is mixed. The reliable wins are to rotate plant families, to avoid crowding heavy feeders together, and to use flowers and herbs to bring in pollinators and predatory insects. Specific pairings are sensible defaults, not hard rules, and your own notes about what works in your garden beat any chart. For the reasoning, read the companion planting guide and the crop rotation guide.
Flower planting planner: seed starting, bulbs and zone dates
When to start seed indoors, when to plant out, and when to put bulbs in the ground, for popular cut and garden flowers. Every rule was read on a university extension page, and where two states give different advice the planner shows both instead of choosing one.
Seed-starting weeks for 23 flowers, plant-out dates for every USDA zone from 3 to 10, a page to work out your own dates, fall bulb rules and a depth chart, perennial and sweet pea timing, a succession sheet, a seed-starting log and a blank bed plan.
Free to print for personal use. Dates are estimates from typical frost dates; sources are listed on the last pages.
The same information, kept up to date and with the source of every rule, is on the flower pages and the bulb planting guide.
Vegetable planting calendars by zone and state
Each calendar is two pages: a month-by-month bar chart of when to start seeds indoors, plant out, sow in fall and harvest, and a table of exact date ranges for 26 common vegetables. The dates are counted back from the average last spring frost and forward from the first fall frost for that zone or state.
What the dates look like
| Crop | Start indoors | Plant out or sow | Fall sowing | Harvest |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tomato | Feb 8 – Feb 22 | Apr 5 – Apr 22 | - | Jun 11 – Jul 6 |
| Bell Pepper | Feb 1 – Feb 15 | Apr 12 – Apr 29 | - | Jun 18 – Jul 18 |
| Lettuce | Mar 1 – Mar 15 | Mar 10 – Mar 29 | Aug 20 – Sep 6 | Apr 21 – May 21 |
| Carrot | - | Mar 10 – Mar 29 | Jul 30 – Aug 16 | May 14 – Jun 3 |
| Bush Bean | - | Apr 7 – Apr 26 | Jul 30 – Aug 16 | Jun 1 – Jun 11 |
| Cucumber | Mar 8 – Mar 22 | Apr 12 – Apr 29 | Jul 23 – Aug 9 | Jun 8 – Jun 28 |
| Onion | Jan 18 – Feb 1 | Mar 3 – Mar 22 | - | Jun 13 – Jul 13 |
| Kale | Feb 15 – Mar 1 | Mar 8 – Mar 25 | Jul 30 – Aug 16 | May 4 – May 19 |
Download by hardiness zone
Not sure of your zone? Use the hardiness zone finder or the frost date finder.
Download by state
Each PDF uses the state's average frost dates. For a date for your own town, enter your ZIP code in the planting calendar.
- Alabama
- Alaska
- Arizona
- Arkansas
- California
- Colorado
- Connecticut
- Delaware
- District of Columbia
- Florida
- Georgia
- Idaho
- Illinois
- Indiana
- Iowa
- Kansas
- Kentucky
- Louisiana
- Maine
- Maryland
- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- Minnesota
- Mississippi
- Missouri
- Montana
- Nebraska
- Nevada
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New Mexico
- New York
- North Carolina
- North Dakota
- Ohio
- Oklahoma
- Oregon
- Pennsylvania
- Rhode Island
- South Carolina
- South Dakota
- Tennessee
- Texas
- Utah
- Vermont
- Virginia
- Washington
- West Virginia
- Wisconsin
- Wyoming
Which printable do I need?
| I want to… | Use | Also useful |
|---|---|---|
| Choose what to plant next to each other | Companion planting chart | Online companion chart |
| Draw a bed layout on paper | Blank 4 x 8 ft beds (last page of the companion chart) | Garden bed planner |
| Know when to start seeds and plant out | Planting calendar for your zone or state | Planting calendar with your ZIP code |
| Space plants correctly in a bed | One-foot squares on the blank beds | Plant spacing calculator |
| Avoid planting the same family in the same bed | Rotation families (last page of the companion chart) | Crop rotation guide |
Printing tips
- Print at 100% or “actual size”, not “fit to page”. The PDF already asks for 100%, and the grid squares only measure one foot of bed at that scale.
- Every page keeps about half an inch of margin, so a normal home printer will not clip the edges or the footer.
- The charts work in black and white: good pairs are circles and keep-apart pairs are crossed boxes, so colour is a bonus, not a requirement.
- Print the matrix on its own page and the A-Z table double-sided. Slip the blank beds into a clear sleeve and use a dry-erase marker each season.
- On A4, choose the A4 file. Printing the Letter file on A4 shrinks it slightly.
Questions
Are these printables really free?
Yes. There is no sign-up and no email wall. Print them for your own garden, a class or a garden club. Please link to this page instead of re-uploading the files, so everyone gets the current version, and do not sell them.
Do the PDFs fit US Letter and A4 paper?
The companion planting chart comes in both sizes. The zone and state calendars are US Letter. All pages keep about half an inch of margin so a home printer does not clip the edges, and the PDF asks the print dialog for 100% scale.
Is companion planting scientifically proven?
Only partly. A few effects have research behind them, such as tall crops shading lettuce or strong-scented herbs confusing some pests. Many specific pairings are traditional advice that has not been tested in controlled trials. The best-supported rules are to rotate plant families and to avoid crowding heavy feeders together.
Where do the pairings in the chart come from?
They come from Cooperative Extension companion planting references and are combined in both directions: crops a plant grows well with, and crops that list it as a companion. If a pairing is good in one source and bad in another, the chart shows it as keep apart so you err on the safe side.
How accurate are the planting dates in the calendars?
They are counted from average frost dates for the zone or state, so they are a sound starting point rather than a promise. A late cold snap or a warm microclimate can move real dates. Check your overnight forecast before planting out tender crops, and use your ZIP code in the planting calendar for a closer date.
How do I find my hardiness zone or frost dates?
Enter your ZIP code in the hardiness zone finder or the frost date finder on this site. Zones describe winter cold and suit perennials; frost dates describe the growing season and matter more for vegetables.
These charts are planning guidance based on average frost data and traditional companion-planting references. Your local weather and microclimate can move real dates. See how we source data.