How to grow mustard greens

Brassica juncea · Brassicaceae · Vegetable

Mustard Greens is a cool-season vegetable in the Brassicaceae family, almost always sown straight into the ground where it will grow. It wants full sun, though it tolerates a little afternoon shade in hot regions and steady, even moisture. From sowing to first pick is about 30–45 days. It handles frost well and a light freeze often improves the flavour.

Grower’s note: Fast, peppery greens for spring and fall cut-and-come-again. Heat makes the leaves fiery and triggers bolting, so grow them in the cool shoulders of the season.

Sowing

Sow about 0.5″ deep, into soil between 45–85°F — germination is quickest near 70°F. It comes up fast (4–8 days). It does not transplant well, so sow it in its final position rather than starting it in pots.

Spacing & layout

Give each plant about 6″ along the row with roughly 12″ between rows. On a square-foot grid that is 9 per square foot. Allow at least 12″ of loose, workable soil for the roots. It grows well in containers at least 8″ deep.

Fitting it to your season

As a cool-season crop, mustard greens does its best growing in the mild weather of spring and fall and tends to bolt or turn bitter in summer heat. A second sowing in late summer, timed to mature as the weather cools, is usually the better crop of the year — and light frost only sweetens it.

Quick facts

When to plant mustard greens

Companions

Common problems

Pests: flea beetle, aphids, cabbage worm.

Diseases & disorders: white rust, downy mildew.

Same family (Brassicaceae)

Rotate these so they don’t follow each other in the same bed year to year.

Figures are typical home-garden ranges from Cooperative Extension planting guides, cross-checked against multiple state sources. Your variety and conditions will vary.