What to plant in June in North Dakota
In North Dakota (ND), June comes about 4 weeks after the average last frost (May 15). The state averages 128 frost-free days a year (last frost May 15, first frost September 20; USDA zones 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b).
65 crops have a sowing or planting window this month, including ground cherry, new zealand spinach, peanut, pumpkin, rosemary, shiso (perilla) - and 54 of those windows close during June.
Dates here come from North Dakota frost dates (last frost May 15, first frost Sep 20). For one crop in detail, see when to plant pumpkin, tomato or winter squash in North Dakota.
North Dakota: planting activity through the year
Last chance in June
Ground Cherry (transplant outdoors, by Jun 1) · New Zealand Spinach (transplant outdoors, by Jun 1) · Peanut (transplant outdoors, by Jun 1) · Pumpkin (transplant outdoors, by Jun 1) · Rosemary (transplant outdoors, by Jun 1) · Shiso (Perilla) (transplant outdoors, by Jun 1) · Summer Savory (transplant outdoors, by Jun 1) · Sunflower (transplant outdoors, by Jun 1) · Sweet Marjoram (transplant outdoors, by Jun 1) · Tomatillo (transplant outdoors, by Jun 1) · Tomato (transplant outdoors, by Jun 1) · Winter Squash (transplant outdoors, by Jun 1) · Zucchini / Summer Squash (transplant outdoors, by Jun 1) · Amaranth (Leaf) (direct sow (spring), by Jun 5) · Bush Bean (direct sow (spring), by Jun 5) · Edamame (Soybean) (direct sow (spring), by Jun 5) · New Zealand Spinach (direct sow (spring), by Jun 5) · Pole Bean (direct sow (spring), by Jun 5) · Pumpkin (direct sow (spring), by Jun 5) · Shiso (Perilla) (direct sow (spring), by Jun 5) · Summer Savory (direct sow (spring), by Jun 5) · Sweet Corn (direct sow (spring), by Jun 5) · Sweet Marjoram (direct sow (spring), by Jun 5) · Winter Squash (direct sow (spring), by Jun 5) · Zucchini / Summer Squash (direct sow (spring), by Jun 5) · Basil (transplant outdoors, by Jun 8) · Bell Pepper (transplant outdoors, by Jun 8) · Bitter Melon (transplant outdoors, by Jun 8) · Cantaloupe / Muskmelon (transplant outdoors, by Jun 8) · Chili Pepper (transplant outdoors, by Jun 8) · Cucamelon (transplant outdoors, by Jun 8) · Cucumber (transplant outdoors, by Jun 8) · Luffa (Loofah Gourd) (transplant outdoors, by Jun 8) · Malabar Spinach (transplant outdoors, by Jun 8) · Okra (transplant outdoors, by Jun 8) · Watermelon (transplant outdoors, by Jun 8) · Basil (direct sow (spring), by Jun 12) · Bitter Melon (direct sow (spring), by Jun 12) · Cantaloupe / Muskmelon (direct sow (spring), by Jun 12) · Chayote (direct sow (spring), by Jun 12) · Cucamelon (direct sow (spring), by Jun 12) · Cucumber (direct sow (spring), by Jun 12) · Lima Bean (direct sow (spring), by Jun 12) · Luffa (Loofah Gourd) (direct sow (spring), by Jun 12) · Malabar Spinach (direct sow (spring), by Jun 12) · Okra (direct sow (spring), by Jun 12) · Peanut (direct sow (spring), by Jun 12) · Southern Pea (Cowpea) (direct sow (spring), by Jun 12) · Watermelon (direct sow (spring), by Jun 12) · Eggplant (transplant outdoors, by Jun 15) · Ginger (transplant outdoors, by Jun 15) · Sweet Potato (transplant outdoors, by Jun 15) · Turmeric (transplant outdoors, by Jun 15) · Brussels Sprouts (start transplants for fall, by Jun 7)
Sow or plant outdoors in June (53)
Direct sowing and transplanting windows that fall in June, most urgent first. Windows are one-to-two-week bands around the ideal date.
| Crop | What to do | Window | This month |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ground Cherry | Transplant outdoors | May 15 – Jun 1 | Last chance - ends Jun 1 |
| New Zealand Spinach | Transplant outdoors | May 15 – Jun 1 | Last chance - ends Jun 1 |
| Peanut | Transplant outdoors | May 15 – Jun 1 | Last chance - ends Jun 1 |
| Pumpkin | Transplant outdoors | May 15 – Jun 1 | Last chance - ends Jun 1 |
| Rosemary | Transplant outdoors | May 15 – Jun 1 | Last chance - ends Jun 1 |
| Shiso (Perilla) | Transplant outdoors | May 15 – Jun 1 | Last chance - ends Jun 1 |
| Summer Savory | Transplant outdoors | May 15 – Jun 1 | Last chance - ends Jun 1 |
| Sunflower | Transplant outdoors | May 15 – Jun 1 | Last chance - ends Jun 1 |
| Sweet Marjoram | Transplant outdoors | May 15 – Jun 1 | Last chance - ends Jun 1 |
| Tomatillo | Transplant outdoors | May 15 – Jun 1 | Last chance - ends Jun 1 |
| Tomato | Transplant outdoors | May 15 – Jun 1 | Last chance - ends Jun 1 |
| Winter Squash | Transplant outdoors | May 15 – Jun 1 | Last chance - ends Jun 1 |
| Zucchini / Summer Squash | Transplant outdoors | May 15 – Jun 1 | Last chance - ends Jun 1 |
| Amaranth (Leaf) | Direct sow (spring) | May 17 – Jun 5 | Last chance - ends Jun 5 |
| Bush Bean | Direct sow (spring) | May 17 – Jun 5 | Last chance - ends Jun 5 |
| Edamame (Soybean) | Direct sow (spring) | May 17 – Jun 5 | Last chance - ends Jun 5 |
| New Zealand Spinach | Direct sow (spring) | May 17 – Jun 5 | Last chance - ends Jun 5 |
| Pole Bean | Direct sow (spring) | May 17 – Jun 5 | Last chance - ends Jun 5 |
| Pumpkin | Direct sow (spring) | May 17 – Jun 5 | Last chance - ends Jun 5 |
| Shiso (Perilla) | Direct sow (spring) | May 17 – Jun 5 | Last chance - ends Jun 5 |
| Summer Savory | Direct sow (spring) | May 17 – Jun 5 | Last chance - ends Jun 5 |
| Sweet Corn | Direct sow (spring) | May 17 – Jun 5 | Last chance - ends Jun 5 |
| Sweet Marjoram | Direct sow (spring) | May 17 – Jun 5 | Last chance - ends Jun 5 |
| Winter Squash | Direct sow (spring) | May 17 – Jun 5 | Last chance - ends Jun 5 |
| Zucchini / Summer Squash | Direct sow (spring) | May 17 – Jun 5 | Last chance - ends Jun 5 |
| Basil | Transplant outdoors | May 22 – Jun 8 | Last chance - ends Jun 8 |
| Bell Pepper | Transplant outdoors | May 22 – Jun 8 | Last chance - ends Jun 8 |
| Bitter Melon | Transplant outdoors | May 22 – Jun 8 | Last chance - ends Jun 8 |
| Cantaloupe / Muskmelon | Transplant outdoors | May 22 – Jun 8 | Last chance - ends Jun 8 |
| Chili Pepper | Transplant outdoors | May 22 – Jun 8 | Last chance - ends Jun 8 |
| Cucamelon | Transplant outdoors | May 22 – Jun 8 | Last chance - ends Jun 8 |
| Cucumber | Transplant outdoors | May 22 – Jun 8 | Last chance - ends Jun 8 |
| Luffa (Loofah Gourd) | Transplant outdoors | May 22 – Jun 8 | Last chance - ends Jun 8 |
| Malabar Spinach | Transplant outdoors | May 22 – Jun 8 | Last chance - ends Jun 8 |
| Okra | Transplant outdoors | May 22 – Jun 8 | Last chance - ends Jun 8 |
| Watermelon | Transplant outdoors | May 22 – Jun 8 | Last chance - ends Jun 8 |
| Basil | Direct sow (spring) | May 24 – Jun 12 | Last chance - ends Jun 12 |
| Bitter Melon | Direct sow (spring) | May 24 – Jun 12 | Last chance - ends Jun 12 |
| Cantaloupe / Muskmelon | Direct sow (spring) | May 24 – Jun 12 | Last chance - ends Jun 12 |
| Chayote | Direct sow (spring) | May 24 – Jun 12 | Last chance - ends Jun 12 |
| Cucamelon | Direct sow (spring) | May 24 – Jun 12 | Last chance - ends Jun 12 |
| Cucumber | Direct sow (spring) | May 24 – Jun 12 | Last chance - ends Jun 12 |
| Lima Bean | Direct sow (spring) | May 24 – Jun 12 | Last chance - ends Jun 12 |
| Luffa (Loofah Gourd) | Direct sow (spring) | May 24 – Jun 12 | Last chance - ends Jun 12 |
| Malabar Spinach | Direct sow (spring) | May 24 – Jun 12 | Last chance - ends Jun 12 |
| Okra | Direct sow (spring) | May 24 – Jun 12 | Last chance - ends Jun 12 |
| Peanut | Direct sow (spring) | May 24 – Jun 12 | Last chance - ends Jun 12 |
| Southern Pea (Cowpea) | Direct sow (spring) | May 24 – Jun 12 | Last chance - ends Jun 12 |
| Watermelon | Direct sow (spring) | May 24 – Jun 12 | Last chance - ends Jun 12 |
| Eggplant | Transplant outdoors | May 29 – Jun 15 | Last chance - ends Jun 15 |
| Ginger | Transplant outdoors | May 29 – Jun 15 | Last chance - ends Jun 15 |
| Sweet Potato | Transplant outdoors | May 29 – Jun 15 | Last chance - ends Jun 15 |
| Turmeric | Transplant outdoors | May 29 – Jun 15 | Last chance - ends Jun 15 |
For fall and winter harvests (12)
Sowings counted back from North Dakota's first fall frost, so the crop matures before the cold - or, for garlic and similar, planted after it.
| Crop | What to do | Window | This month |
|---|---|---|---|
| Brussels Sprouts | Start transplants for fall | May 21 – Jun 7 | Last chance - ends Jun 7 |
| Rutabaga | Sow for a fall crop | Jun 4 – Jun 21 | Jun 4 – Jun 21 |
| Broccoli | Start transplants for fall | Jun 11 – Jun 28 | Jun 11 – Jun 28 |
| Cabbage | Start transplants for fall | Jun 11 – Jun 28 | Jun 11 – Jun 28 |
| Cauliflower | Start transplants for fall | Jun 11 – Jun 28 | Jun 11 – Jun 28 |
| Cucumber | Sow for a fall crop | Jun 18 – Jul 5 | Opens Jun 18 |
| Fennel (Bulb) | Sow for a fall crop | Jun 18 – Jul 5 | Opens Jun 18 |
| Zucchini / Summer Squash | Sow for a fall crop | Jun 18 – Jul 5 | Opens Jun 18 |
| Bush Bean | Sow for a fall crop | Jun 25 – Jul 12 | Opens Jun 25 |
| Carrot | Sow for a fall crop | Jun 25 – Jul 12 | Opens Jun 25 |
| Kale | Sow for a fall crop | Jun 25 – Jul 12 | Opens Jun 25 |
| Radicchio | Sow for a fall crop | Jun 25 – Jul 12 | Opens Jun 25 |
Keep sowing (succession)
Repeat sowings of crops already in the ground, for a steady harvest instead of a glut.
- Pea: sow again on Jun 9
- Lettuce: sow again on Jun 6 and Jun 18
- Spinach: sow again on Jun 9
- Carrot: sow again on Jun 17
- Beet: sow again on Jun 10
- Radish: sow again on Jun 6 and Jun 16
- Cilantro / Coriander: sow again on Jun 6
- Dill: sow again on Jun 5
- Arugula: sow again on Jun 4 and Jun 16
- Turnip: sow again on Jun 5 and Jun 19
- Kohlrabi: sow again on Jun 5 and Jun 19
- Bok Choy / Pak Choi: sow again on Jun 12
- Mustard Greens: sow again on Jun 5 and Jun 19
- Green Onion / Scallion: sow again on Jun 19
- Fennel (Bulb): sow again on Jun 19
- Endive & Escarole: sow again on Jun 12
- Mache (Corn Salad): sow again on Jun 5 and Jun 19
- Rapini (Broccoli Raab): sow again on Jun 5 and Jun 19
- Tatsoi: sow again on Jun 4 and Jun 16
- Mizuna: sow again on Jun 4 and Jun 16
- Chervil: sow again on Jun 5 and Jun 19
- Watercress: sow again on Jun 12
Harvesting in June
First harvests expected this month from crops sown or planted on time earlier in the season.
Planting dates for popular crops in North Dakota
Every crop has its own full-year dates for North Dakota: indoor start, transplant or direct sowing, and harvest.
Main planting month: June garden jobs in North Dakota
- With the average last frost on May 15, 36 crops can go in outdoors this month, including ground cherry, new zealand spinach, peanut, pumpkin.
- Transplant on a cloudy afternoon and water in well - see transplanting seedlings without shock.
- Once the soil has warmed, lay mulch around established plants to hold moisture and smother weeds.
- Sow quick crops little and often - lettuce, radish and beans every two to three weeks give a steady harvest instead of a glut (succession planting).
USDA zone chart for North Dakota
North Dakota spans USDA zones 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b. Colder zones, usually higher or further inland, have a later last spring frost and an earlier first fall frost than the state average.
Questions gardeners ask
What vegetables can I plant in North Dakota in June?
65 crops have a window in June: ground cherry, new zealand spinach, peanut, pumpkin, rosemary, shiso (perilla), summer savory, sunflower, sweet marjoram, tomatillo and more. The tables above give the exact dates for each.
Is it too late to plant tomatoes in North Dakota in June?
No - transplant outdoors runs May 15 – Jun 1 in North Dakota, so do it before June 1.
Is it too late to plant lettuce in North Dakota in June?
Not too late - it's actually a little early. In North Dakota the next lettuce window opens around July 16: sow for a fall crop.
When is the first frost in North Dakota?
The statewide average first fall frost is around September 20 and the last spring frost around May 15. Your town can be a week or two either side - look yours up by ZIP code.
What can I harvest in North Dakota in June?
From plantings made on time: tatsoi, mizuna, mustard greens, mache (corn salad), lettuce, turnip, rapini (broccoli raab), chervil, pea, bok choy / pak choi.
What to plant in June in other states
Dates are computed from North Dakota’s statewide average frost dates (from NOAA/NCEI climate normals) and each crop’s timing in our crop database. Your garden may be a week or two either side - for dates tuned to your ZIP code, use the planting calendar.