What to plant in April in Indiana

In Indiana (IN), April sits about 1 week before the average last frost (April 24). The state averages 170 frost-free days a year (last frost April 24, first frost October 11; USDA zones 5b, 6a, 6b).

78 crops have a sowing or planting window this month, including mache (corn salad), pea, spinach, green onion / scallion, arugula, beet - and 48 of those windows close during April.

Dates here come from Indiana frost dates (last frost Apr 24, first frost Oct 11). For one crop in detail, see when to plant pea, spinach or arugula in Indiana.

Last-frost monthSow or plant: 78Start indoors: 18Harvesting: 3

Indiana: planting activity through the year

1
24
65
78
66
11
25
32
3
2
2
0
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Frost riskFrost-free: Apr 24 – Oct 11
Bars count the vegetables, herbs and fruit with a sowing or planting window in each month, from the state’s average frost dates. 78 have one in April - the busiest month of the year.

Last chance in April

Bitter Melon (start seeds indoors, by Apr 3) · Bok Choy / Pak Choi (start seeds indoors, by Apr 3) · Cucamelon (start seeds indoors, by Apr 3) · Fennel (Bulb) (start seeds indoors, by Apr 3) · Lettuce (start seeds indoors, by Apr 3) · Luffa (Loofah Gourd) (start seeds indoors, by Apr 3) · Napa Cabbage (start seeds indoors, by Apr 3) · New Zealand Spinach (start seeds indoors, by Apr 3) · Peanut (start seeds indoors, by Apr 3) · Swiss Chard (start seeds indoors, by Apr 3) · Watercress (start seeds indoors, by Apr 3) · Cantaloupe / Muskmelon (start seeds indoors, by Apr 10) · Cucumber (start seeds indoors, by Apr 10) · Pumpkin (start seeds indoors, by Apr 10) · Sunflower (start seeds indoors, by Apr 10) · Watermelon (start seeds indoors, by Apr 10) · Winter Squash (start seeds indoors, by Apr 10) · Zucchini / Summer Squash (start seeds indoors, by Apr 10) · Mache (Corn Salad) (direct sow (spring), by Apr 3) · Pea (direct sow (spring), by Apr 3) · Spinach (direct sow (spring), by Apr 3) · Green Onion / Scallion (transplant outdoors, by Apr 6) · Arugula (direct sow (spring), by Apr 10) · Beet (direct sow (spring), by Apr 10) · Fava Bean (Broad Bean) (direct sow (spring), by Apr 10) · Green Onion / Scallion (direct sow (spring), by Apr 10) · Mizuna (direct sow (spring), by Apr 10) · Onion (direct sow (spring), by Apr 10) · Radish (direct sow (spring), by Apr 10) · Shallot (direct sow (spring), by Apr 10) · Tatsoi (direct sow (spring), by Apr 10) · Cabbage (transplant outdoors, by Apr 13) · Collard Greens (transplant outdoors, by Apr 13) · Horseradish (plant crowns / divisions, by Apr 13) · Kale (transplant outdoors, by Apr 13) · Kohlrabi (transplant outdoors, by Apr 13) · Onion (transplant outdoors, by Apr 13) · Rhubarb (plant crowns / divisions, by Apr 13) · Shallot (transplant outdoors, by Apr 13) · Carrot (direct sow (spring), by Apr 17) · Chervil (direct sow (spring), by Apr 17) · Endive & Escarole (direct sow (spring), by Apr 17) · Kohlrabi (direct sow (spring), by Apr 17) · Lettuce (direct sow (spring), by Apr 17) · Mustard Greens (direct sow (spring), by Apr 17) · Rapini (Broccoli Raab) (direct sow (spring), by Apr 17) · Turnip (direct sow (spring), by Apr 17) · Watercress (direct sow (spring), by Apr 17)

Sow or plant outdoors in April (97)

Direct sowing and transplanting windows that fall in April, most urgent first. Windows are one-to-two-week bands around the ideal date.

CropWhat to doWindowThis month
Mache (Corn Salad)Direct sow (spring)Mar 15 – Apr 3Last chance - ends Apr 3
PeaDirect sow (spring)Mar 15 – Apr 3Last chance - ends Apr 3
SpinachDirect sow (spring)Mar 15 – Apr 3Last chance - ends Apr 3
Green Onion / ScallionTransplant outdoorsMar 20 – Apr 6Last chance - ends Apr 6
ArugulaDirect sow (spring)Mar 22 – Apr 10Last chance - ends Apr 10
BeetDirect sow (spring)Mar 22 – Apr 10Last chance - ends Apr 10
Fava Bean (Broad Bean)Direct sow (spring)Mar 22 – Apr 10Last chance - ends Apr 10
Green Onion / ScallionDirect sow (spring)Mar 22 – Apr 10Last chance - ends Apr 10
MizunaDirect sow (spring)Mar 22 – Apr 10Last chance - ends Apr 10
OnionDirect sow (spring)Mar 22 – Apr 10Last chance - ends Apr 10
RadishDirect sow (spring)Mar 22 – Apr 10Last chance - ends Apr 10
ShallotDirect sow (spring)Mar 22 – Apr 10Last chance - ends Apr 10
TatsoiDirect sow (spring)Mar 22 – Apr 10Last chance - ends Apr 10
CabbageTransplant outdoorsMar 27 – Apr 13Last chance - ends Apr 13
Collard GreensTransplant outdoorsMar 27 – Apr 13Last chance - ends Apr 13
HorseradishPlant crowns / divisionsMar 27 – Apr 13Last chance - ends Apr 13
KaleTransplant outdoorsMar 27 – Apr 13Last chance - ends Apr 13
KohlrabiTransplant outdoorsMar 27 – Apr 13Last chance - ends Apr 13
OnionTransplant outdoorsMar 27 – Apr 13Last chance - ends Apr 13
RhubarbPlant crowns / divisionsMar 27 – Apr 13Last chance - ends Apr 13
ShallotTransplant outdoorsMar 27 – Apr 13Last chance - ends Apr 13
CarrotDirect sow (spring)Mar 29 – Apr 17Last chance - ends Apr 17
ChervilDirect sow (spring)Mar 29 – Apr 17Last chance - ends Apr 17
Endive & EscaroleDirect sow (spring)Mar 29 – Apr 17Last chance - ends Apr 17
KohlrabiDirect sow (spring)Mar 29 – Apr 17Last chance - ends Apr 17
LettuceDirect sow (spring)Mar 29 – Apr 17Last chance - ends Apr 17
Mustard GreensDirect sow (spring)Mar 29 – Apr 17Last chance - ends Apr 17
Rapini (Broccoli Raab)Direct sow (spring)Mar 29 – Apr 17Last chance - ends Apr 17
TurnipDirect sow (spring)Mar 29 – Apr 17Last chance - ends Apr 17
WatercressDirect sow (spring)Mar 29 – Apr 17Last chance - ends Apr 17
AsparagusPlant crowns / divisionsApr 3 – Apr 20Apr 3 – Apr 20
Bok Choy / Pak ChoiTransplant outdoorsApr 3 – Apr 20Apr 3 – Apr 20
BroccoliTransplant outdoorsApr 3 – Apr 20Apr 3 – Apr 20
Brussels SproutsTransplant outdoorsApr 3 – Apr 20Apr 3 – Apr 20
CauliflowerTransplant outdoorsApr 3 – Apr 20Apr 3 – Apr 20
ChivesPlant crowns / divisionsApr 3 – Apr 20Apr 3 – Apr 20
Endive & EscaroleTransplant outdoorsApr 3 – Apr 20Apr 3 – Apr 20
LeekTransplant outdoorsApr 3 – Apr 20Apr 3 – Apr 20
LettuceTransplant outdoorsApr 3 – Apr 20Apr 3 – Apr 20
Napa CabbageTransplant outdoorsApr 3 – Apr 20Apr 3 – Apr 20
ParsleyTransplant outdoorsApr 3 – Apr 20Apr 3 – Apr 20
RadicchioTransplant outdoorsApr 3 – Apr 20Apr 3 – Apr 20
SorrelPlant crowns / divisionsApr 3 – Apr 20Apr 3 – Apr 20
Swiss ChardTransplant outdoorsApr 3 – Apr 20Apr 3 – Apr 20
WatercressTransplant outdoorsApr 3 – Apr 20Apr 3 – Apr 20
Bok Choy / Pak ChoiDirect sow (spring)Apr 5 – Apr 24Apr 5 – Apr 24
BorageDirect sow (spring)Apr 5 – Apr 24Apr 5 – Apr 24
Cilantro / CorianderDirect sow (spring)Apr 5 – Apr 24Apr 5 – Apr 24
Collard GreensDirect sow (spring)Apr 5 – Apr 24Apr 5 – Apr 24
KaleDirect sow (spring)Apr 5 – Apr 24Apr 5 – Apr 24
LeekDirect sow (spring)Apr 5 – Apr 24Apr 5 – Apr 24
Napa CabbageDirect sow (spring)Apr 5 – Apr 24Apr 5 – Apr 24
ParsleyDirect sow (spring)Apr 5 – Apr 24Apr 5 – Apr 24
PotatoDirect sow (spring)Apr 5 – Apr 24Apr 5 – Apr 24
RadicchioDirect sow (spring)Apr 5 – Apr 24Apr 5 – Apr 24
SalsifyDirect sow (spring)Apr 5 – Apr 24Apr 5 – Apr 24
Fennel (Bulb)Transplant outdoorsApr 10 – Apr 27Apr 10 – Apr 27
Globe ArtichokePlant crowns / divisionsApr 10 – Apr 27Apr 10 – Apr 27
Lemon BalmTransplant outdoorsApr 10 – Apr 27Apr 10 – Apr 27
MintTransplant outdoorsApr 10 – Apr 27Apr 10 – Apr 27
TarragonTransplant outdoorsApr 10 – Apr 27Apr 10 – Apr 27
Fennel (Bulb)Direct sow (spring)Apr 12 – May 1Opens Apr 12
Lemon BalmDirect sow (spring)Apr 12 – May 1Opens Apr 12
ParsnipDirect sow (spring)Apr 12 – May 1Opens Apr 12
Swiss ChardDirect sow (spring)Apr 12 – May 1Opens Apr 12
CeleriacTransplant outdoorsApr 17 – May 4Opens Apr 17
CeleryTransplant outdoorsApr 17 – May 4Opens Apr 17
OreganoTransplant outdoorsApr 17 – May 4Opens Apr 17
SageTransplant outdoorsApr 17 – May 4Opens Apr 17
ThymeTransplant outdoorsApr 17 – May 4Opens Apr 17
DillDirect sow (spring)Apr 19 – May 8Opens Apr 19
SunflowerDirect sow (spring)Apr 19 – May 8Opens Apr 19
Ground CherryTransplant outdoorsApr 24 – May 11Opens Apr 24
New Zealand SpinachTransplant outdoorsApr 24 – May 11Opens Apr 24
PeanutTransplant outdoorsApr 24 – May 11Opens Apr 24
PumpkinTransplant outdoorsApr 24 – May 11Opens Apr 24
RosemaryTransplant outdoorsApr 24 – May 11Opens Apr 24
Shiso (Perilla)Transplant outdoorsApr 24 – May 11Opens Apr 24
Summer SavoryTransplant outdoorsApr 24 – May 11Opens Apr 24
SunflowerTransplant outdoorsApr 24 – May 11Opens Apr 24
Sweet MarjoramTransplant outdoorsApr 24 – May 11Opens Apr 24
TomatilloTransplant outdoorsApr 24 – May 11Opens Apr 24
TomatoTransplant outdoorsApr 24 – May 11Opens Apr 24
Winter SquashTransplant outdoorsApr 24 – May 11Opens Apr 24
Zucchini / Summer SquashTransplant outdoorsApr 24 – May 11Opens Apr 24
Amaranth (Leaf)Direct sow (spring)Apr 26 – May 15Opens Apr 26
Bush BeanDirect sow (spring)Apr 26 – May 15Opens Apr 26
Edamame (Soybean)Direct sow (spring)Apr 26 – May 15Opens Apr 26
New Zealand SpinachDirect sow (spring)Apr 26 – May 15Opens Apr 26
Pole BeanDirect sow (spring)Apr 26 – May 15Opens Apr 26
PumpkinDirect sow (spring)Apr 26 – May 15Opens Apr 26
Shiso (Perilla)Direct sow (spring)Apr 26 – May 15Opens Apr 26
Summer SavoryDirect sow (spring)Apr 26 – May 15Opens Apr 26
Sweet CornDirect sow (spring)Apr 26 – May 15Opens Apr 26
Sweet MarjoramDirect sow (spring)Apr 26 – May 15Opens Apr 26
Winter SquashDirect sow (spring)Apr 26 – May 15Opens Apr 26
Zucchini / Summer SquashDirect sow (spring)Apr 26 – May 15Opens Apr 26

Start seeds indoors in April (18)

Indoor sowings for transplants later. Six to eight weeks under lights is typical for tomatoes and peppers; onions and leeks need longer.

CropWhat to doWindowThis month
Bitter MelonStart seeds indoorsMar 20 – Apr 3Last chance - ends Apr 3
Bok Choy / Pak ChoiStart seeds indoorsMar 20 – Apr 3Last chance - ends Apr 3
CucamelonStart seeds indoorsMar 20 – Apr 3Last chance - ends Apr 3
Fennel (Bulb)Start seeds indoorsMar 20 – Apr 3Last chance - ends Apr 3
LettuceStart seeds indoorsMar 20 – Apr 3Last chance - ends Apr 3
Luffa (Loofah Gourd)Start seeds indoorsMar 20 – Apr 3Last chance - ends Apr 3
Napa CabbageStart seeds indoorsMar 20 – Apr 3Last chance - ends Apr 3
New Zealand SpinachStart seeds indoorsMar 20 – Apr 3Last chance - ends Apr 3
PeanutStart seeds indoorsMar 20 – Apr 3Last chance - ends Apr 3
Swiss ChardStart seeds indoorsMar 20 – Apr 3Last chance - ends Apr 3
WatercressStart seeds indoorsMar 20 – Apr 3Last chance - ends Apr 3
Cantaloupe / MuskmelonStart seeds indoorsMar 27 – Apr 10Last chance - ends Apr 10
CucumberStart seeds indoorsMar 27 – Apr 10Last chance - ends Apr 10
PumpkinStart seeds indoorsMar 27 – Apr 10Last chance - ends Apr 10
SunflowerStart seeds indoorsMar 27 – Apr 10Last chance - ends Apr 10
WatermelonStart seeds indoorsMar 27 – Apr 10Last chance - ends Apr 10
Winter SquashStart seeds indoorsMar 27 – Apr 10Last chance - ends Apr 10
Zucchini / Summer SquashStart seeds indoorsMar 27 – Apr 10Last chance - ends Apr 10

Harvesting in April

First harvests expected this month from crops sown or planted on time earlier in the season.

Radish · Apr 18 – Apr 26Spinach · Apr 26 – May 4Arugula · Apr 26 – May 6

Planting dates for popular crops in Indiana

Every crop has its own full-year dates for Indiana: indoor start, transplant or direct sowing, and harvest.

When to plant pea in Indiana →When to plant spinach in Indiana →When to plant arugula in Indiana →When to plant beet in Indiana →When to plant onion in Indiana →When to plant radish in Indiana →When to plant cabbage in Indiana →When to plant kale in Indiana →Indiana frost dates by zone →

Last-frost month: April garden jobs in Indiana

  1. The average last frost is April 24. Hardy crops can go out now - mache (corn salad), pea, spinach, green onion / scallion - but hold tender ones like tomatoes, peppers and squash until after that date.
  2. Start hardening off indoor seedlings 7-10 days before they go out: a few hours of outdoor shade first, building up to full sun and nights outside.
  3. Keep row cover or old sheets handy and watch the 10-day forecast - a clear, still night after a warm spell is the classic late-frost setup.
  4. Soil temperature matters as much as the calendar: most warm-season seed rots below about 60°F. Check the frost dates guide for how the Indiana average is worked out.

USDA zone chart for Indiana

Indiana spans USDA zones 5b, 6a, 6b. Colder zones, usually higher or further inland, have a later last spring frost and an earlier first fall frost than the state average.

ZoneLast frostFirst frostSeason
Zone 5Apr 30Oct 5160 days
Zone 6Apr 15Oct 15185 days

Questions gardeners ask

What vegetables can I plant in Indiana in April?

78 crops have a window in April: mache (corn salad), pea, spinach, green onion / scallion, arugula, beet, fava bean (broad bean), mizuna, onion, radish and more. The tables above give the exact dates for each.

Is it too late to plant tomatoes in Indiana in April?

No - transplant outdoors runs Apr 24 – May 11 in Indiana.

Is it too late to plant lettuce in Indiana in April?

No - start seeds indoors runs Mar 20 – Apr 3 in Indiana, so do it before April 3.

When is the first frost in Indiana?

The statewide average first fall frost is around October 11 and the last spring frost around April 24. Your town can be a week or two either side - look yours up by ZIP code.

What should I start indoors in April in Indiana?

Bitter Melon (Mar 20 – Apr 3), Bok Choy / Pak Choi (Mar 20 – Apr 3), Cucamelon (Mar 20 – Apr 3), Fennel (Bulb) (Mar 20 – Apr 3), Lettuce (Mar 20 – Apr 3), Luffa (Loofah Gourd) (Mar 20 – Apr 3), Napa Cabbage (Mar 20 – Apr 3), New Zealand Spinach (Mar 20 – Apr 3), Peanut (Mar 20 – Apr 3), Swiss Chard (Mar 20 – Apr 3), Watercress (Mar 20 – Apr 3), Cantaloupe / Muskmelon (Mar 27 – Apr 10), Cucumber (Mar 27 – Apr 10), Pumpkin (Mar 27 – Apr 10), Sunflower (Mar 27 – Apr 10), Watermelon (Mar 27 – Apr 10), Winter Squash (Mar 27 – Apr 10), Zucchini / Summer Squash (Mar 27 – Apr 10).

← March in IndianaMay in Indiana →Full-year Indiana planting calendar →Indiana frost dates →

What to plant in April in other states

IllinoisIowaMichiganMinnesotaMissouriOhioWisconsinAlabamaAll states →

Dates are computed from Indiana’s statewide average frost dates (from NOAA/NCEI climate normals) and each crop’s timing in our crop database. Your garden may be a week or two either side - for dates tuned to your ZIP code, use the planting calendar.